EchoTrack – ultrasound navigation for percutaneous needle insertions
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Computer guidance has become increasingly important for assisting procedures in modern patient care. This is attributed to a number of expected benefits compared to conventional approaches, including increased accuracy, reduction of complications and decreased intervention time. Despite the fact that these benefits have been shown in various studies, not many guidance systems have found their way into clinical practice, yet, which is mainly attributed to the difficulty of integrating such approaches into established clinical workflows, the lack of accuracy, reliability and robustness, and often high additional costs.
With “EchoTrack” a new concept is proposed that allows assisting ultrasound (US)-guided needle insertions while maintaining the established clinical workflow. The basic idea is to integrate a small electromagnetic (EM) tracking system with an US probe in one single device to enable simultaneous real-time localization of patient and instrument (März et al., 2014). Compared to existing guidance approaches EchoTrack features the following key advantages: (1) No additional external hardware is required as tracking and imaging is provided by the proposed handheld device. (2) Combining EM tracking with the US imaging ensures that the area of highest tracking accuracy and robustness always coincides with the imaging area (Franz et al., 2012).
Conventional US-guided needle insertions
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Ultrasound-guided needle insertions are usually performed in-plane such that the needle is visible in the US image. Freehand punctures are thus difficult to perform in particular for inexperienced operators. Needle guides ensure good needle visibility but restrict the movement of probe and needle.
EchoTrack Concept
Combining the field generator of an electromagnetic tracking system with an US probe allows US imaging and instrument localization within one device. The EchoTrack solution provides augmentation of the US image with current information on the needle location, the needle insertion trajectory, the position of the target, and critical structures.
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Clinical applications
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of thyroid nodules
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In collaboration with the Department of Nuclear Medicine at the University Hospital Frankfurt (Dr. D. Gröner, Prof. F. Grünwald), the EchoTrack concept has been adapted to provide guidance during radiofrequency ablations of thyroid nodules. Adaptation included the combination of the EM field generator with a linear US probe used for these interventions and construction of a customized sensor carrier to allow localization of the RFA needle. A preclinical study showed that the EchoTrack approach can significantly reduce the number of needle redirections compared to the conventional approach (Erbelding et al., 2017)(Gröner et al., 2019). The EchoTrack approach could also be successfully applied in a first clinical case (Franz et al., 2017).
Punctures of abdominal lesions
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Punctures of abdominal targets for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes are among the most commonly performed needle insertions. Initially intended to assist such interventions, the EchoTrack approach was applied and evaluated for hepatic (Franz et al. 2015) and renal (Simpfendörfer et al. 2016) punctures in ex-vivo animal models. This work is conducted in close collaboration with the Department of Surgery at the University Hospital Heidelberg (PD Dr. D. Teber, Dr. T. Simpfendörfer)
Clinical translation
Current development aims for a translation of the EchoTrack concept towards clinical routine. In a first step, a clinical prototype is developed following a quality centered development process. Open questions concern accuracy, robustness, and usability of the prototype and involve development of methods for error reduction and calibration as well as investigation of user experience prior to conducting a comprehensive clinical study.
Alumni
- Laura Aguiliera (Scientist)
- Bünyamin Pekdemir (Scientist)
- Patmaa Sridharan (Scientist)
- Benjamin Mittmann (Master's Student)
- Jenshika Yoganathan (Master's Student)
- Diana Mindroc-Filimon (Master's Student)
- Dominique Cheray (Bachelor's Student)
Key collaborators
- Dr. med. Daninel Gröner, Prof. Dr. med. Frank Grünwald, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt
- Dr. med. Tobias Simpfendörfer, Department of Urology, University Hospital Heidelberg
Funding
Publications
Bopp, N., Franz, A. M., Cheray, D., Delorme, S., Korkusuz, H., Erbelding, C., & Maier-Hein, L. (2016). EchoTrack für die navigierte ultraschall-geführte Radiofrequenzablation der Schilddrüse. In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2016 (pp. 200–205).
Erbelding, C., Franz, A., Seitel, A., Bopp, N., Kohlhase, K., Grünwald, F., & Maier-Hein, L. (2017). Ultrasound-navigated radiofrequency ablation of thyroid nodules with integrated electromagnetic tracking: Comparison with conventional ultrasound guidance in gelatin models. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 12(9), 1635–1642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-017-1544-2
Franz, A. M., März, K., Hummel, J., Birkfellner, W., Bendl, R., Delorme, S., Schlemmer, H.-P., Meinzer, H.-P., & Maier-Hein, L. (2012). Electromagnetic tracking for US-guided interventions: Standardized assessment of a new compact field generator. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 7(6), 813–818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-012-0740-3
Franz, A. M., Simpfendörfer, T., Garoussi, C., Majlesara, A., März, K., Meinzer, H.-P., Mehrabi, A., Teber, D., & Maier-Hein, L. (2015). Echotrack for simulataneous EM tracking and US imaging: Initial experience in ventilated swine cadaver. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 10, 52.
Franz, Alfred M, Seitel, A., Cheray, D., & Maier-Hein, L. (2019). Polhemus EM tracked Micro Sensor for CT-guided interventions. Medical Physics, 46(1), 15–24.
Franz, Alfred Michael, Jaeger, H. A., Seitel, A., Cantillon-Murphy, P., & Maier-Hein, L. (2019). Open-Source Tracked Ultrasound with Anser Electromagnetic Tracking. In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2019 (pp. 232–237).
Franz, Alfred Michael, Seitel, A., Bopp, N., Erbelding, C., Cheray, D., Delorme, S., Grünwald, F., Korkusuz, H., & Maier-Hein, L. (2017). First clinical use of the EchoTrack guidance approach for radiofrequency ablation of thyroid gland nodules. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 12(6), 931–940. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-017-1560-2
Gröner, D., Seitel, A., Eisenmann, M., Pekdemir, B., Saiz, L. A., Sridharan, P., Nguyen, C., Happel, C., Sabet, A., Franz, A., & others. (2020). Evaluating Electromagnetic Guidance for Fine Needle Aspiration in a Thyroid-like Ultrasound Phantom. Nuklearmedizin, 59(02), V68.
Hennig, F., Pfiz, F., Mîndroc-Filimon, D., Maier-Hein, L., Pekdemir, B., Seitel, A., & Franz, A. M. (2020). Reproduzierbare Kalibrierung von elektromagnetischen Feldverzerrungen. In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2020 (pp. 88–93).
Maier-Hein, L., Franz, A. M., Birkfellner, W., Hummel, J., Gergel, I., Wegner, I., & Meinzer, H.-P. (2012). Standardized assessment of new electromagnetic field generators in an interventional radiology setting. Medical Physics, 39(6), 3424–3434.
März, K., Franz, A. M., Seitel, A., Winterstein, A., Hafezi, M., Saffari, A., Bendl, R., Stieltjes, B., Meinzer, H.-P., Mehrabi, A., & Maier-Hein, L. (2014). Interventional real-time ultrasound imaging with an integrated electromagnetic field generator. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 9(5), 759–768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-014-0990-3
Mittmann, B. J., Seitel, A., Maier-Hein, L., & Franz, A. M. (2019). Navigierte Interventionen im Kopf-und Halsbereich. In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2019 (pp. 238–243).
Simpfendörfer, T., Franz, A. M., Gasch, C., Maier-Hein, L., Hohenfellner, M., & Teber, D. (2016). Sonongraphisch Navigierte Nierenpunktion unter Verwendung eines mobilen Elektromagnetischen Trackingsystems. Urologie, 55, 51.
Winterstein, A., Marz, K., Franz, A. M., Hafezi, M., & Fard, N. (2015). Navigated marker placement for motion compensation in radiotherapy. Proc. SPIE, 9415, 94151K.
Patents
Franz, A., Maier-Hein, L. (2016), A system for navigated punction, biopsy or ablation comprising a needle-like instrument and a removable sensor carrier, WO2017153312A1 (Pending)
Seitel, A., Franz, A., Maier-Hein, L. (2017), Mounting device for reversibly mounting an electromagnetic field generator on an ultrasonic probe, WO2018192964A1 (Pending)
Awards
Thomas-Behr Förderpreis der MGN (2019)
Daniel Gröner et al. for the poster "Fine Needle Aspiration in a Thyroid-like Ultrasound Phantom: Can Electromagnetic Guidance Pave the Way to Multiangle Out-of plane Approaches?"
Third Prize Science Slam SMIT (2019)
Laura Aguilera. Patmaa Sridharan and Matthias Eisenmann for their Science Slam "Did you know that every day approximately 5800 biopsies are performed in Germany?"
IPCAI Bench to Bedside Award (2017)
Alfred Franz et al. for the paper, "First clinical use of the EchoTrack guidance approach for radiofrequency ablation of thyroid gland nodules."
conhIT-Nachwuchspreis (2017)
Dominique Cheray for the best Bachelors thesis "Benutzerzentrierte Softwarekonzeption und Entwicklung einer Applikation zur ultraschall-navigierten perkutanen Punktion", awarded by conhIT
Presentation prize, 68th Congress of German urology association (2016)
T. Simpfendörfer et al. for the presentation "Sonographisch navigierte Nierenpunktion unter Verwendung eines mobilen elektromagnetischen Trackingsystems."
ISCAS Kikuchi Frugal Technology Award (2015)
International Congress and Exhibition on Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CARS)
Alfred Franz et al. for the paper "Echotrack for simultaneous EM tracking and US imaging: initial experience in ventilated swine cadaver."
Fachbereichspreis of the University Darmstadt for the best Master Thesis (2014)
Adrian Winterstein for the Master's thesis "Ein ultraschallbasiertes Computerassistenzsystem mit integriertem elektromagnetischem Feldgenerator für die Leberchirurgie: Konzeption und Realisierung im Rahmen von MITK"
Thomas-Gessmann-Förderpreis (2013)
Keno März for the Master's thesis "Computer-Assistierte Punktionen unter Ultraschallführung mit einem mobilen elektromagnetischen Feldgenerator."
Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin Best Scientific Work and Best poster (2013)
Keno März et al. for the contribution "Navigierte ultraschallgeführte Leberpunktion mit integriertem EM Feldgenerator"
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